Discovery Tools in California: Interrogatories, Depositions, and More

The discovery phase of a legal case is critical for gathering information and building strong and supported arguments. In California, discovery allows both parties to request and obtain evidence from each other to ensure a fair trial or alternative resolution. For those involved in legal disputes, understanding the various discovery tools available can make a significant difference in the outcome. At Foster Hsu, LLP our San Jose Divorce Attorneys help our clients navigate this phase effectively, using tools such as interrogatories, depositions, and more. Here’s an overview of the primary discovery methods in California.

1. Interrogatories

Interrogatories are written questions that one party sends to the other, seeking information relevant to the case. The responding party must answer these questions under oath within a specified timeframe, typically 30 days.

Types of Interrogatories:

• Form Interrogatories: Standardized questions approved by the Judicial Council of California. These are efficient for obtaining basic information like names, addresses, and general claims.
• Special Interrogatories: Custom-written questions tailored to the specific case. These allow for a deeper exploration of facts, evidence, and positions.

Benefits:
Interrogatories can be cost-effective and help clarify the opposing party’s claims, defenses, or evidence early in the legal process.

2. Depositions

Depositions involve oral questioning of a party or witness under oath, typically in a lawyer’s office. The answers are recorded by a court reporter and can be used in court proceedings.

Who Can Be Deposed?

• Parties involved in the case.
• Witnesses with relevant information.
• Experts offering specialized opinions.

Benefits:
Depositions allow attorneys to assess the credibility of witnesses and gather testimony that can be used to support or challenge claims. Additionally, they provide an opportunity to identify inconsistencies in the opposing party’s statements.

3. Requests for Production of Documents

This discovery tool allows a party to request documents, records, or other tangible evidence from the other. Commonly requested items include:

• Financial records, such as bank statements, paystubs tax returns.
• Contracts or agreements.
• Emails, text messages, or other written communications.

Benefits:
This method is particularly useful in cases involving financial disputes, asset division, or breaches of contract, as it provides tangible evidence for review.

4. Requests for Admissions

A party can use requests for admissions to ask the opposing party to admit or deny specific statements or facts. This tool is designed to streamline litigation by narrowing the issues in dispute.

Benefits:
Admitted facts do not need to be proven at trial, saving time and resources.

5. Subpoenas

Subpoenas are formal requests for documents, records, or testimony from third parties not directly involved in the case. For example, a subpoena might be issued to a bank to obtain financial records or to a business for relevant communications.

Benefits:
Subpoenas ensure that critical evidence is obtained even if it is in the possession of someone not directly involved in the case.

Navigating California’s Discovery Rules

California law governs discovery under the Code of Civil Procedure §§ 2016-2036. These rules establish limits on the number and scope of discovery requests and ensure that the process is fair and efficient. For example, the number of special interrogatories is typically limited to 35 unless additional questions are justified.

How Foster Hsu, LLP Can Help

The discovery process can be complex and contentious, but it is also essential to building a strong legal case. At Foster Hsu, LLP, we leverage our expertise in California’s Civil Discovery Act to help clients obtain the evidence they need while protecting their rights. Whether through interrogatories, depositions, or other discovery tools, we ensure that our clients are fully prepared for negotiation or trial.